This Handbook is for teachers, testers, and policymakers working to align language education with the CEFR, offering practical guidance and insights for real-world application.

This study explores how to design and assess multimodal viewing-to-write tasks, reflecting real-world communication that integrates visual, spoken, and written skills.

As English-medium instruction expands worldwide, this article questions how readiness and success are judged, scores to academic literacy as a fairer way to assess EMI.

This research explores how pragmatic speaking test items, test items that reflect how people use English in real-life contexts, could be incorporated into the Aptis test.

This report explores how expert EAP teachers and tools like Lexile, Coh-Metrix, and ChatGPT judge reading texts—and where their evaluations match or differ.

How can teachers make language learning fully accessible for visually impaired learners? Practical strategies show how inclusive materials, methods and assessments empower every student.